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The Ktunaxa ( ; Kutenai pron. ), also known as Kutenai (), Kootenay (predominant spelling in Canada) and Kootenai (predominant spelling in the United States), are an indigenous people of North America. There are four bands that form the ''Ktunaxa Nation'' and the historic allied and through intermarriage kindred Shuswap Indian Band in British Columbia, in Montana together with the Bitterroot Salish (also known as ''Flathead'') and Upper Pend d'Oreilles they are part of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Nation. There are also the Kootenai Tribe of Idaho in Idaho and small populations in Washington in the United States, where they are part of the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation.〔(Kootenai Reservation, Idaho ) United States Census Bureau〕 The Kutenai language is an isolate, unrelated to the languages of neighbouring peoples. == Communities == There are 4 bands in southeastern British Columbia, 1 band in northern Idaho, 1 band in northwestern Montana, and there are also small populations in Washington.〔(Language Geek information about Ktunaxa )〕〔(Ktunaxa Nation Council Society infopage, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada website )〕〔(Ktunaxa Nation website )〕 ;Canada - British Columbia: Ktunaxa Nation Council (KNC) (until 2005 ''Ktunaxa/Kinbasket Tribal Council (K/KTC)'')〔(Ktunaxa Nation )〕 * Lower Kootenay First Nation (aka ''Lower Kootenay Indian Band''〔(Lower Kootenay Band - The Yaqan Nukiy )〕 - Ya·qannu·ki, ''Yaqan nuʔkiy'' or ''Yaqaón Nuñkiy'' - ‘where the rock stands’, are culturally ''Lower Kootenay'', the Tribal Headquarters are located in Creston on the most populous reserve Creston #1 along the Kootenay River, ca. 6 km north of the US-Canadian border, reserves: Creston #1, Lower Kootenay #1A, #1B, #1C, #2, #3, #5, #4, St. Mary's #1A, ca. 26 km2, Population: 214) * St. Mary's First Nation〔(Aqam - St. Mary's Band )〕 (aka ''St. Mary's Band'' – ʔaq̓amniʔk or ''ʔaq̓am'' - ‘deep dense woods’, are culturally ''Lower Kootenay'', live along the St. Mary's River near Cranbrook, the Tribal Headquarters are located on the most populous reserve ''Kootenay #1'', reserves: Bummers Flat #6, Cassimayooks (Mayook) #5, Isidore's Ranch #4, Kootenay #1, St. Mary's #1A, ca. 79 km2, Population: 357) * Tobacco Plains First Nation (aka ''Tobacco Plains Indian Band'' – ʔa·kanuxunik, ''Akan'kunik'', or ''ʔakink̓umⱡasnuqⱡiʔit'' - ‘People of the place of the flying head’,〔(Tobacco Plains Band )〕 are culturally ''Lower Kootenay'', live near Grasmere (see also Tobacco Plains), on the east shore of the Lake Koocanusa below the mouth of Elk River, ca. 15 km north of the British Columbia-Montana border, reserves: St. Mary's #1A, Tobacco Plains #2, ca. 44 km2, Population: 165)〔(Aboriginal Canada - First Nation Connectivity Profile )〕 * ?Akisq'nuk First Nation〔(?Akisq'nuk First Nation )〕 (aka ''Columbia Lake Indian Band'' – A·kisq̓nuknik̓, ''ʔakisq̓nuk'' oder ''?Akisq'nuk'' - ‘place of two lakes’,〔(First Peoples Language Map - ?Akisq'nuk First Nation )〕 are culturally ''Upper Kootenay'', the Tribal Headquarters are located in ''Akisqnuk'' direct south of Windermere, reserves: Columbia Lake #3, St. Mary's #1A, ca. 33 km2, Population: 264)〔(Source for Population: Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC), Registered Population as of June, 2011 )〕 Shuswap Nation Tribal Council,〔(Shuswap Nation Tribal Council (SNTC) )〕 one of the two tribal councils of the Secwepemc * Shuswap Indian Band〔(Shuswap Indian Band )〕 (''Kyaknuqⱡiʔit'' or ''Kisamni'' in Ktunaxa, are culturally ''Upper Kootenay'', a Secwepemc group which called themselves ''Tsqwatstens-kucw ne Casliken'' - ‘People between two mountain ranges', this group of the Shuswap Indian Band, known as ‘Kinbasket Shuswap Band’,〔The name is derived from ''Kenpesq't'' - ‘reaching for the highest part of the sky’ or ‘touching the sky close to heaven’, the name of several of their chiefs: Yelhellna Kinbasket (from Adams Lake), his son Paul Ignatious Kinbasket and his grandson Pierre Kinbasket〕 moved no later than the 18th Century in the Upper Columbia River Valley where they were allied to the Ktuanxa and Stoney, through intermarriages with Ktunaxa they became part of the tribe. The most populous reserve, Shuswap IR, is located in the Columbia Valley in the Rocky Mountain Trench along the left shore of the Upper Columbia River, east of the Selkirk Mountains, ca. 1,6 km north of Invermere, just northeast of Windermere Lake, reserves: St. Mary's #1A, Shuswap IR, ca. 12 km2, Population: 244) - formerly members of the Ktunaxa Nation Council (KNC) (which was therefore known until 2005 as Ktunaxa/Kinbasket Tribal Council (K/KTC)) ;United States - Idaho: Kootenai Tribal Council * Kootenai Tribe of Idaho〔(Kootenai Tribe of Idaho )〕 (''ʔaq̓anqmi'' or ''ʔa·kaq̓ⱡahaⱡxu'', also called Idaho Ksanka, are culturally ''Lower Kootenay'', live in the ''Kootenai Indian Reservation'' in Boundary County in NE Idaho near the county Seat Bonners Ferry, about 40 km south of the border, Population in 2000: 75) ;United States - Montana: Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Nation * Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Nation〔(Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Nation )〕 (''K̓upawi¢q̓nuk'' or ''Ksanka Band'', also called Montana Ksanka, are culturally ''Lower Kootenay'', live near Elmo on the Flathead Indian Reservation in West-Montana, between Kalispell and Missoula, the Ksanka Band form together with the Bitterroot Salish (also known as ''Flathead'') and the Upper Pend d'Oreilles the ''Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Nation'', ca. 5.058 km2, Population: about 6.800 live on the reservation, ca. 3.700 outside near the reservation) ;United States - Washington Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation * Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation〔(The Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation )〕 (one group of culturally ''Lower Kootenay'' of the Arrow Lakes Area affiliated with the Senijextee〔( The Sinixt Nation )〕 (also known as ''Arrow Lakes Band'' or ''The Lakes''), an Interior Salish people, after a war the greater part of the Lower Kootenay moved to Kootenay Lake in British Columbia, the remaining banded together with the Senijextee as one tribe and settled together with the other eleven historic tribes onto the Colville Indian Reservation in the Columbia Basin in northern Washington to form the ''Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation'', ca. 2.100 km2, Population: about 9.000) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ktunaxa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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